The Battle of Gettysburg, fought July 1-3, 1863, is considered the turning point of the American Civil War. This three-day battle resulted in more than 51,000 casualties and marked the beginning of the end for the Confederate cause. Today, Gettysburg stands as a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made to preserve the Union.

The Battle of Gettysburg

In the summer of 1863, Confederate General Robert E. Lee led his Army of Northern Virginia into Pennsylvania, hoping a major victory on Northern soil would encourage European recognition of the Confederacy and weaken Northern resolve.

Day 1 - July 1: Union cavalry encountered Confederate infantry northwest of town. Fighting escalated as more troops arrived. By day's end, Union forces had retreated through town to the high ground of Cemetery Hill.

Day 2 - July 2: Lee ordered attacks on both Union flanks. Fierce fighting occurred at places now known as Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the Wheatfield, and the Peach Orchard. The Union line held.

Day 3 - July 3: Lee ordered a massive assault on the Union center, known as Pickett's Charge. Approximately 12,500 Confederates advanced across open ground under withering fire. The attack failed, ending Lee's campaign.

The Gettysburg Address

On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery. In just 272 words, Lincoln redefined the purpose of the war and the meaning of democracy.

Adams County History

Adams County was formed in 1800 from York County and named after President John Adams. The town of Gettysburg, founded in 1786 by James Gettys, served as the county seat. Before the famous battle, Gettysburg was a prosperous market town at the junction of several important roads. The region's agricultural heritage, particularly its apple orchards, continues today.

Notable Historic Sites

• Gettysburg National Military Park - 6,000 acres with 1,000+ monuments
• Gettysburg National Cemetery - Where Lincoln gave his address
• Eisenhower National Historic Site - President Eisenhower's farm
• Jennie Wade House - Home of the only civilian casualty
• Shriver House - Civilian life during the battle
• David Wills House - Where Lincoln stayed before his address